GIS is an emerging tool for modeling hydrologic processes and is fast becoming a standard in the field of hydrology.  Presently, it is a relatively new technology in the field with a small community of users.  However, rapid growth in the GIS industry continues to create new and improved applications. 

Background

GIS appears to be similar to the introduction of CAD systems into the engineering field.  At first, there was a reluctance to change from drafting by hand to drafting by computer.  Many problems existed with the systems and people questioned if it was quicker or better than drawing by hand.  Equipment cost also seemed prohibitive to many companies. 

Industry Standard

Eventually, the technology overcame these barriers and became the drawing and design standard that it is today.  Now the “new technology,” GIS is being introduced and used as a hydrologic modeling tool that has specific application to dam engineering.

A Complete Picture

This paper offers insight into using GIS applications as it relates to determining spillway design flood hydrographs.  It also discusses many of the pros and cons of GIS hydrologic applications.